Abstract
The study provides an analysis of the legacy of Lal Ded, Kashmiri mystic and poetess, in the broad context of historical and social changes in medieval, XIV-century Kashmir. It was a significant period of time in the history of Kashmir, marked by shifts in power, social ferment, the beginning of gradual decline of Hinduism in Kashmir Valley to the advantage of Islam, transformation of Kashmiri society and its identity. Lal Ded is a unique phenomenon. This saint-poetess, who strongly rebelled against caste system, social and religious discrimination in medieval Kashmir, has been subsequently cherished as a saint and spiritual leader by Kashmiri Hindu and Muslim communities alike. Over the last six centuries, she has become a symbol of indigenous culture of Kashmir with its traditions of inter-faith and crosscultural connections and influences. The paper is particularly focused on her contribution to enriching mystic, spiritual traditions and cultural heritage of Kashmir and her profound impact on shaping Kashmiri society. The article approaches the topic in four major parts. The first part provides quick glance into Lal Ded’s life in the early stage, the reasons for abandoning her family, starting the life of sage wanderer, and her influence on shaping the mindset of common people. The second part analyses historical background of the XIV century Kashmir with its ongoing political and social turmoil which had direct impact on Lal Ded’s life and thought. The third part provides an insight to her thought and poetry in the context of social relations in Kashmir and the widely understood idea of syncretism in Kashmir. The fourth part looks at Lalla’s influence on Rishi order with its founder Nund Rishi (Sheikh Nur-ud-Din), who is considered to be another important pillar of Kashmiri identity. To what extent has Lal Ded contributed to the propagation of Islam among Kashmiri followers of the Rishis? The conclusion summarizes the role and importance of Lal Ded’s legacy in terms of relations between different religious communities with reference to contemporary Kashmir.