A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined variable: pub_info

Filename: front/publication.php

Line Number: 2

Backtrace:

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/views/front/publication.php
Line: 2
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/controllers/Front.php
Line: 221
Function: view

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined variable: pub_info

Filename: front/publication.php

Line Number: 9

Backtrace:

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/views/front/publication.php
Line: 9
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/controllers/Front.php
Line: 221
Function: view

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

https://prdb.pk/volumes/">

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined variable: pub_info

Filename: front/publication.php

Line Number: 24

Backtrace:

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/views/front/publication.php
Line: 24
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/controllers/Front.php
Line: 221
Function: view

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

/

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined variable: pub_info

Filename: front/publication.php

Line Number: 25

Backtrace:

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/views/front/publication.php
Line: 25
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/controllers/Front.php
Line: 221
Function: view

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

https://prdb.pk/volumes/">

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined variable: pub_info

Filename: front/publication.php

Line Number: 25

Backtrace:

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/views/front/publication.php
Line: 25
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/controllers/Front.php
Line: 221
Function: view

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

Volume
/

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined variable: pub_info

Filename: front/publication.php

Line Number: 26

Backtrace:

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/views/front/publication.php
Line: 26
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/controllers/Front.php
Line: 221
Function: view

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

https://prdb.pk/publications/">ISSUE NO

Abstract

This article empirically examines the effects of foreign aid on economic freedom while considering the mediating role of political institutions. We contribute to the literature in two ways. First, we provide an empirical analysis of how different types of foreign aid affect the economic freedom of the receiving country. Second, we provide evidence regarding how political institutions mediate the foreign aid/economic freedom relationship. We use IV and GMM techniques to test a model using data from 40 developing countries covering the time period 1985 to 2016. Our analysis yields three main findings. First, democratic and politically stable countries enjoy more economic freedom. Second, foreign aid’s net effect is to reduce economic freedom, whether we consider official development assistance (ODA) or net official assistance (NOA). Finally, economic freedom increases with both types of foreign aid if the receiving country’s political institutions are more democratic and/or durable.

Keyword(s)

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined variable: pub_keywords

Filename: front/publication.php

Line Number: 77

Backtrace:

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/views/front/publication.php
Line: 77
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/controllers/Front.php
Line: 221
Function: view

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: Invalid argument supplied for foreach()

Filename: front/publication.php

Line Number: 77

Backtrace:

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/views/front/publication.php
Line: 77
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/controllers/Front.php
Line: 221
Function: view

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

"> Web Source |

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Notice

Message: Undefined variable: pub_info

Filename: front/publication.php

Line Number: 84

Backtrace:

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/views/front/publication.php
Line: 84
Function: _error_handler

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/controllers/Front.php
Line: 221
Function: view

File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

">Download PDF

Related Articles

    A PHP Error was encountered

    Severity: Notice

    Message: Undefined variable: related_pubs

    Filename: front/publication.php

    Line Number: 94

    Backtrace:

    File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/views/front/publication.php
    Line: 94
    Function: _error_handler

    File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/controllers/Front.php
    Line: 221
    Function: view

    File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/index.php
    Line: 315
    Function: require_once

    A PHP Error was encountered

    Severity: Warning

    Message: Invalid argument supplied for foreach()

    Filename: front/publication.php

    Line Number: 94

    Backtrace:

    File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/views/front/publication.php
    Line: 94
    Function: _error_handler

    File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/application/controllers/Front.php
    Line: 221
    Function: view

    File: /home/prdbpk/public_html/index.php
    Line: 315
    Function: require_once