Abstract
Biradarism is also fundamental characteristic of socio-politics of district Jhang [Pakistani-Punjab]; its dominant biradaris have immense potential to decisively influence national, provincial and district levels politics [on behalf of their ecosocial supremacy]. The formation of electoral alliances is based on the collaborative interest-based national and local [biradari] power politics. Number of alliances were locally constituted by national aristocracy [especially by dictators]. Locally-constituted-alliances under different dictators had further strengthened the exploitative grip of these biradaris. The most decisive alliances [and their respective oppositions] were formulated during different elections of Musharraf’s regime; in which Syeds collaborated with Lalis and Qazis; Sials with Syeds and Moulvis [Religious groups]; and Sahibzaadaaz with Cheela-Sials. Biradaris [clans/castes] have been remained the integral part of mainstream politics in Sub-continent, particularly in western Punjab [Pakistani] and most importantly in its sub-units like Jhang district. After the creation of Pakistan, their dominant eco-social roles have become more vibrant in all respects, especially in politics. Every biradari has different levels of importance due to its numbers, economic resources, political affiliations, land holdings and social networking. 1 These are the basic factors, which lead the biradaris to hold power at local level [Biradarism] as well as at provincial and national levels. Biradaris are embodiment of power in Pakistani politics. 2 Their role remains dominant in towns, villages and [even] in cities. The dominant biradaris of Jhang are holding all kinds of power since pre-partition periods; which [powerfulness] has still been carried on.
Keyword(s)
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