Abstract
In recent years, the traditional hostility between the two South Asian nuclear neighbours, Pakistan and India, has increased tremendously. Aimed at their deep-rooted territorial disputes, water and terrorism issues, the international community believes that a growing military and nuclear competition pose a grave danger to the regional as well as to the international peace and security. All past efforts to normalise and stabilise Pak-India relations could not yield any positive results. There is a growing fear that over the issues like Kashmir, water and terrorism, a conventional conflict or a limited war between Pakistan and India could escalate into a nuclear war. Under their perceived security concerns, nuclear weapons developments and modernisation programmes in the South Asian region are irreversible. However, the international community believes that there is a need to explore ways to regulate the nuclear behaviour of Pakistan and India according to the evolving nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament norms.