Abstract
In satellite communication applications, patch antennas design faces the challenge of lower bandwidth and small gain. Many design approaches are proposed in the literature to overcome this limitation. Furthermore, future developments/trends in the field of satellite communication also focus on the design of more efficient patch antennas. This research work is focused on the enhancement of bandwidth, efficiency and gain of patch antenna. Various techniques are proposed and analyzed using computer based simulations to improve such design requirements. The investigated design is based on a hexagonal structure with a rectangular defect. Further in order to investigate the design performance, three parasitic patches were employed in its vicinity and defects were also created in the ground plane. Preperm L380 substrate (with a dielectric constant: 3.8) was selected, and for bandwidth expansion air hole was employed in the substrate. Proposed design of antenna with dimensions of 24mm in length, 28mm in width and a thickness of 1.64mm was simulated and analyzed for several parameters including return loss, SWR with respect to voltage, efficiencies, Gain and directivity. Proposed design bandwidth was enhanced from 3.74GHz to 4GHz in X and Ku band for satellite military applications. Simulation results show an overall efficiency of 0.98 prior to and after the structural amendments in the proposed design with a maximum gain of 6.46dB which make it suitable for use in X and Ku band in satellite military applications
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